Strategic Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Strategic Plan - Essay Example The background of the research attempted to reveal the way the researcher intends to ensure the organization's vision, mission, and people strategies and values statements align with the proposed strategic plan. A brief background of the company and objectives of the study were revealed, as well as, the mission, vision and core organizational values were presented. Additionally, the researcher carried out external and internal environmental scanning on the proposed strategic plan using relevant resources of analysis; the researcher assessed the external (threats and opportunities) and also the internal environmental analysis (strengths and weakness) of the company. Moreover, it was argued that given the information from the environmental scan, HCA should match its strengths to the opportunities, which it has identified, while at the same time addressing weakness and threats. With the controversies that have surrounded HCA, it was argued that the company needed to review its growth st rategies to ensure it redeems its image and to put it in a constant path of growth. The strategic planning process focused on the significant of employing effective strategies that aligns with the external and internal environment. Varied recommendation for the best strategy were presented and one of them included planning about the growth strategies of the company and this is through focusing on meeting the demanding needs of customers and showing their corporation ability to them. Another recommendable growth strategy that HCA should put into consideration is mergers and joint ventures. It was also argued that HCA should incorporate telemedicine in their institutions because this would help them to accelerate its growth. Employing customer-focussed strategy that will ensure the corporation attracts new customers and retains the old ones was also seen as an effective strategy for enabling the company to accelerate its growth. The implementation plan focused on the way HCA can achie ve its intended objectives by conducting an intensive environmental scan to ascertain the internal functioning of its institutions, evaluation of its position in relation to the industry’s tasks environment and evaluation of the external macro-environment factors. This was seen as vital; thus, the need to evaluate technological advancements in the field of nursing and medicine, and analysis of its preparedness to incorporate the competitive aspect of other stakeholders in the health sector. The research identified varied risks that are likely to occur in the organization and among the potential risks included the compliance to standards, fire outbreak risks, quality control risks, and changes in technology, as well as, hospital equipment failure, institutional restraints, and recruitment and retention staff issues among other risks. It was, therefore, argued that employing contingency plans is fundamental because this will enable the corporation to find efficient alternatives for managing risks in case the unplanned events occur. Strategic Plan Introduction In the contemporary highly competitive business environment, budget planning techniques have become unsatisfactory for large organizations to survive; thus HCA must engage in effective strategic planni

Living in Texas vs Louisiana Essay Example for Free

Living in Texas vs Louisiana Essay Texas is the second most populous and the second-largest of the 50 states in the United States of America, and the largest state in the 48 contiguous United States (Wikipedia, Texas, 2013). Louisiana is a state located in the southern region of the United States of America and is the 31st most extensive and the 25th most populous of the 50 United States ((Wikipedia, Louisiana, 2013). Texas and Louisiana are two different areas in the United States to live that have many diverse ways of living. Between both states, Texas is easier to live in than Louisiana because of the differences in culture, economy, and climate. The name Texas is based on the Caddo word tejas meaning friends or alliesand was applied by the Spanish to the Caddo themselves and to the region of their settlement in East Texas (Wikipedia, Etymology, 2013). Texas has many variations of cultures that reside within the state and these culture’s range from caucasian (white), african american (black), and spanish american (hispanic). The state also has other forms of cultures too but the ones I named are the main ethnicity that you see on a daily basis. Texas has many assortments of cultures which makes the state a equal opportunity for many cultures to advance in numerous areas of employment. The cultures in Texas always interacted with one another in different areas of living and would live in the same areas has another race and would become friends. They would go to school together and enjoy it, grocery shop at the same stores with no problems, and get gas at the same gas stations as everyone else. The races in Texas might have their differences between one another but would still except the fact that everyone has to do the same daily activities as anyone else. Louisiana was named after Louis XIV, King of France from 1643–1715. Rene-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle claimed the territory drained by the Mississippi River for France, and named it La Louisiane, meaning Land of Louis (Wikipedia, Toponym, 2013). Louisiana is mainly made up of caucasian’s and african american’s and the races do not mix very well. The way that I remember it when I live in Tallulah, Louisiana was that their was a railroad track that divided the small town into two different sections. The black’s lived on one side of the railroad tracks and the whites lived on the other side. There is only a few ways that the races interacted with one another and they were by achieving the same education from the same small town schools, grocery shopping at the only grocery store in the town, and at the few gas stations that were by the main highway. The ways the cultures had to interact with one another were not by choice but by having to so they could live their life’s and meet their ways of living in society. You would never see the cultures become friends and if they did they only showed it in the areas that they were allowed to be around each other in the town and that would consist of the places I named that you would see the two cultures together but not by choice. I was friends with everyone and did not understand why this small town lived the way that it did. I would love to go back to that town today to see if the ways of living has changed at all or if it stayed the same. I was only in fourth and fifth grade when I lived there. Texas’s large population, abundance of natural resources, thriving cities and leading centers of higher education have contributed to a large and diverse economy. Since oil was discovered, the states economy has reflected the state of the petroleum industry. In 2010, Site Selection Magazine ranked Texas as the most business-friendly state in the nation, in part because of the states three-billion-dollar Texas Enterprise Fund. Texas has the joint-highest number of Fortune 500 company headquarters in the United States, along with California. As of 2010, Texas had a gross state product (GSP) of $1. 207 trillion, is the second highest in the U.  S. , and is the fourth-largest of any country subdivision globally. As of April 2012, the states unemployment rate is only at 6. 5% (Wikipedia, Economy of Texas, 2013). Texas’s economy has went through the recession just like any other state but has started to rise out of the recession because of the land of oil industry that has hit its highest point since when I lasted lived in the state. The state of Texas I think is the busiest of many states because of its high demand of employment for the oil industry. The jobs are anywhere from secretary employment to a derrick man on the rig itself drilling the oil out of the ground. Every position has its own way of being very important. I miss living in this state because of how big the state is and the different areas of employment that is available. Texas does hit rock bottom but will always find a way out to rise above other states. Louisiana’s state principal is agricultural products which include seafood, cotton, soybeans, cattle, sugarcane, poultry and eggs, dairy products, and rice. The seafood industry is its biggest producer of crawfish in the world, supplying approximately 90% and directly supports an estimated 16,000 jobs. Louisiana industry generates chemical products, petroleum and coal products, processed foods and transportation equipment, and paper products. Tourism is an important element in the economy, especially in the New Orleans area. The total gross state product in 2010 for Louisiana was US $213. 6 billion, placing it 24th in the nation. Its per capita personal income is $30,952, ranking 41st in the United States. As of January 2010, the states unemployment rate was 7. 4% and an African American is three times as likely as a white person to be unemployed in Louisiana (Wikipedia, Economy, 2013). In Louisiana the Caucasian race has a higher play in job placement before African Americans which I do not think is right but every state has its differences. The white race runs most of the environment in Louisiana but the black’s make up the other part that is left to run. When you walk into different stores in Louisiana most of them are owned by Caucasians but blacks may be a part of the team by being an employee. If you do see a black own a place in Louisiana it is only because he fought and showed his abilities to become somebody. Seafood is a way to isolated Louisiana from any other state and it makes a lot of income from producing there different seafood products throughout the United States but the seafood industry does not pay as high as the oil field industry does in Texas. The large size of Texas and its location at the intersection of multiple climate zones gives the state highly variable weather. The Panhandle of the state has colder winters than North Texas, while the Gulf Coast has mild winters. Texas has wide variations in precipitation patterns (Wikipedia, Climate of Texas, 2013). The city I lived in was San Antonio, the summers were hot and the winters were mild. The rainy season is between the months of January and February. I loved the summers of Southern Texas because they are longer than the winters and are able to wear light clothing. The winters sometimes would get really cold but for the most part it was mild and easy to convert over to the climate change. In San Antonio it has only snowed a few times and since I have been born I only remember once when it snowed and it only stayed for a couple of hours because the climate in Southern Texas is warmer than other states. Louisiana has a humid subtropical climate, perhaps the most classic example of a humid subtropical climate of all the South-central states. It has long, hot, humid summers and short, mild winters (Wikipedia, Climate, 2013). The summers and winters are similar in ways to Texas but the winters could be very cold and it does snow in Louisiana and the temperatures in the winter are a lot colder than in Texas. I remember when my mom drove in the snow in Louisiana but I cannot recall a time when she has ever driven in the snow in Texas where we lived. It does snow in Texas but in the northern part by the Panhandle.

Marie Sklodowska Curie :: biographies bio

Marie Sklodowska Curie Physicist 1867-1934 You cannot hope to build a better world without improving the individuals. To that end, each of us must work for our own improvement and, at the same time, share a general responsibility for all humanity, our particular duty being to aid those to whom we think we can be most useful. —Marie Curie Maria Sklodowska was born November 7, 1867, as the fifth and youngest child of Bronsilawa Boguska, a pianist, singer, and teacher, and Wladyslaw Sklodowski, a professor of mathematics and physics. She received a general education in local schools and some scientific training from her father. From childhood she was remarkable for her prodigious memory, and at the age of 16 she won a gold medal on completion of her secondary education at the Russian lycà ©e. Since her father, a teacher of mathematics and physics, lost his savings through bad investment, she had to take work as a teacher and, at the same time, took part clandestinely in the nationalist "free university," reading in Polish to women workers. At the age of 18 she took a post as governess, where she suffered an unhappy love affair. From her earnings she was able to finance her sister Bronia's medical studies in Paris, on the understanding that Bronia would in turn later help her to get an education. She became involved in a students' revolutionary organization and found it prudent to leave Warsaw, then in the part of Poland dominated by Russia, for Cracow, which at that time was under Austrian rule. In 1891, she went to Paris to continue her studies at the Sorbonne where she obtained Licenciateships in Physics and the Mathematical Sciences.

Research Paper in Society and Culture

Society and Culture Research Paper Marriage and Family: Nature and Scope (Belgium) Submitted by: Kate Danica M. De Jesus Submitted to: Ms. Sherryl Pajulas OUTLINE Topic: Marriage and Family: Nature and Scope (Belgium) Introduction: History Subtopics: a. the nature of marriage b. the selection of marriage mates c. the nature of family d. basic function of the family (Belgium) e. changes in the family f. family organization and disorganization g. culture and custom (Belgium) Conclusion: Acknowledgement I’m not a perfect person for me not to seek a help for others.To do a research paper is not an easy task that’s why I do acknowledge fist, God for never getting tired for giving me His guidance, strength and wisdom while I’m doing this. Second is my family who always there for me and for their support financially and morally. Also because they never stop loving me as what I am and who I am. Third is my friends who never let me down, they never get tired to cheer me u p that I can do this, they make me inspired. Fourth, I acknowledge those who also help me to have reference in this research paper, also because of they give patience to me, because without hem maybe I didn’t finish this research paper. 1 History Belgium According to its history, the name ‘Belgium' is derived from  Gallia Belgica, a  Roman province  in the northern most part of  Gaul  that before Roman invasion in 100  BC, was inhabited by the Belgae, a mix of  Celtic  and  people. A  gradual immigration  by Germanic  Frankish  tribes during the 5th century brought the area under the rule of the  Merovingian  kings. A gradual shift of power during the 8th century led the kingdom of the Franks to evolve into the Carolingian Empire.The  Treaty of Verdunin 843 divided the region into  Middle  and West Francia  and therefore into a set of more or less independent  fiefdoms  which, during the  Middle Ages, were  vassals  either of the  King of France  or of the  Holy Roman Emperor. Many of these fiefdoms  were united in the  Burgundian Netherlands  of the 14th and 15th centuries. [18]  Emperor Charles  V  extended the  personal union  of the  Seventeen Provinces  in the 1540s, making it far more than a personal union by the  Pragmatic Sanction of 1549  and increased his influence over the  Prince-Bishopric of Liege.The  Eighty Years' War  (1568–1648) divided the Low Countries into the northern  United Provinces  (Belgica Foederata  in  Latin, the â€Å"Federated Netherlands†) and the  Southern Netherlands  (Belgica Regia, the â€Å"Royal Netherlands†). The latter were ruled successively by the Spanish  and the  Austrian  Habsburgs  and comprised most of modern Belgium. This was the theatre of most  Franco-Spanish  and Franco-Austrian wars  during the 17th and 18th centuries.Following the  campaigns of 1794 in the French R evolutionary Wars, the Low Countries—including territories that were never nominally under Habsburg rule, such as the Prince-Bishopric of Liege—were annexed by the  French First Republic, ending Austrian rule in the region. The reunification of the Low Countries as the  United Kingdom of the Netherlands  occurred at the dissolution of the  First French Empire  in 1815, after the defeat of Napoleon. And in 1830, the  Belgian Revolution  led to the separation of the Southern Provinces from the Netherlands and to the stablishment of a Catholic and bourgeois, officially French-speaking and neutral, independent Belgium under a  provisional government  and a  national congress. Since the installation of  Leopold  I  as king on  21 July  1831 (which is now celebrated as Belgium's  National Day, Belgium has been a  constitutional monarchy  and  parliamentary democracy, with a  laicist  constitution based on the  Napoleonic code. Alth ough the franchise was initially restricted,  universal suffrage  for men was introduced after the  general strike of 1893  (with  plural voting  until 1919) and for women in 1949. The main political parties of the 19th century were the  Catholic Party  and the  Liberal Party, with the  Belgian Labour Party  emerging towards the end of the 19th century. French was originally the single official language adopted by the  nobility  and the  bourgeoisie. It progressively lost its overall importance as Dutch became recognized as well. This recognition became official in 1898 and in 1967 a Dutch version of the  Constitution  was legally accepted. [23] The  Berlin Conference  of 1885 ceded control of the  Congo Free State  to  King Leopold  II  as his private possession.From around 1900 there was growing international concern for the extreme and savage treatment of the Congolese population under Leopold  II, for whom the Congo was primarily a source of revenue from ivory and rubber production. In 1908 this outcry led the Belgian state to assume responsibility for the government of the colony, henceforth called the  Belgian Congo. [24]  Germany invaded Belgium in 1914 as part of the Schlieffen Plan  to attack France and much of the  Western Front  fighting of World War  I occurred in western parts of the country. The opening months of the war were known as the  Rape of Belgium  due to German excesses.Belgium took over the  German colonies  of  Ruanda-Urundi  (modern day  Rwanda  and  Burundi) during the war, and they were mandated to Belgium in 1924 by the  League of Nations. In the aftermath of the First World War, the  Prussian districts  of  Eupen and Malmedy were annexed by Belgium in 1925, thereby causing the presence of a German-speaking minority. The country was again invaded by Germany in 1940  and was occupied until its  liberation by the Allies  in 1944. After World W ar  II,  a general strike  forced king  Leopold  III, who many viewed as collaborating with Germany during the war, to abdicate in 1951. The Belgian Congo gained independence in 1960 uring the  Congo Crisis; Ruanda-Urundi followed with its independence two years later. Belgium joined  NATO  as a founding member and formed the Benelux group of nations with the Netherlands and Luxembourg. Belgium became one of the six founding members of the  European Coal and Steel Community  in 1951 and of the  European Atomic Energy Community  and  European Economic Community, established in 1957. The latter is now the European Union, for which Belgium hosts major administrations and institutions, including the  European Commission, the  Council of the European Union  and the extraordinary and committee sessions of the  European Parliament. Nature of marriage According to the catholic, the true nature of marriage, a husband and wife living in openness to life, is a lso a witness to the precious gift of the child and to the unique and irreplaceable roles of both a mother and a father. In creating new life, the unitive and procreative purposes of marriage come together. Marriage, therefore, is not confined wholly to the loving intimacy of husband and wife but strives in generosity to go beyond this to bring new life into being. This procreative meaning of marriage involves not only the conception of children but also their upbringing and education.The loving communion of marital spouses is the primary context in which children are both conceived and brought up in love. It is true that some marriages will not result in procreation due to infertility, even though the couple is capable of the natural act by which procreation takes place. Indeed, this situation often comes as a surprise and can be a source of deep sadness, disappointment, anxiety, and even great suffering for a husband and wife. When such tragedy affects a marriage, a couple may be tempted to think that their union is not complete or truly blessed.This is not true. The marital union of a man and a woman is a distinctive communion of persons which even infertile couples continue to manifest. 4 Selection of marriage mates According to my research, Selecting a mate is a process that is to a large extent culturally defined. Who is considered as a suitable marriage partner differs across societies. Various criteria can be used in the evaluation of a suitable partner. Some of these are physical beauty, personality, education, wealth, social class, ethnic or racial identity and more.The relative importance of one criterion over another depends on the type of marriage that is being considered – an arranged marriage or one based on the Western concept of romantic love. Arranged marriages have been very popular worldwide and are still being practised today. This is so because an arranged marriage represents more than a union of two individuals; it is in fact the union of two families. It can also be a basis for creating alliances between important families, communities or even countries and nations. Therefore, arranged marriages usually require careful choice and negotiations.Another reason why arranged marriages have been and are still being practised is that young people have sometimes been considered as being too inexperienced to make such a decision as that of selecting a life-long partner. The parents and other older relatives then take the responsibility of finding a suitable mate for the young people. Even though arranged marriages are still being widely practiced, marriages based on romantic love are growing in popularity. This is so because of the influence of the mass media and its effectiveness in spreading the Western image of romantic love across the world.Exclusive emotional attachments are now greatly desirable in a marriage. 5 Basic Function of Family The Belgian standard living is one of the highest in Europe, per capita in come is high increasing, and a large part of economy is directed toward production for the consumer market. Housing is less crowded than in most of Europe. The pace of life in the cities is hectic, yet the Belgians know how to relax, and they do so at side walk cafes and at the restaurants known throughout Europe for the preparation of the Belgians favorite dishes; mussels, deep-fried potatoes, oysters, endive, and Flemish waterzoei (chicken). is an important consideration for anybody to grow up with a  family. Household camping along the Meuse. Although modern informality is making in roads among the students generations, the traditions of the tight family circle and formal relations with others is maintained. The whole is still focus of life. Regionalism is strong, and while they may visit the capital on occasion, many Belgians prefer not to wonder far from their place of birth. 6 Changes in the family Sociologists study society and how it is organized. They study what a society believes and how it is changing.They explain how people behave, but not how they ought to behave. Almost every society is based on the family. Some societies have nuclear families. In the nuclear family, the parents and children live together in one house. Other societies have extended families. In this kind of family, there are grandparents, parents, children, uncles, and other relatives all living together. In some societies, there are tribes. A tribe is a group of extended families that have the same ancestors. Throughout history there have been slow changes in the family and in family life, but today the family is changing quickly.This change causes many problems for the society and the individual. One of the major reasons for this fast change in the family is the change in how people earn their money. Today more and more people work in factories that make automobiles, furniture, clothes, and thousands of other products. Fewer people work on farms or make products at home. Peop le work in industry instead. This change is called industrialization. The ownership of land in an industrial society is not as important as it was when people lived in villages. 7 Family Organization and DisorganizationAccording to my reference, in Belgium, the population can be broadly divided into three linguistic groups. A majority are Flemings of Germanic stock who speaks dialect similar to Dutch. The Walloons, of Celtic antecedents, originally spoke dialect that differed markedly from Parisian French. These dialects have now nearly disappeared and have been replaced by a slightly belgicized version of French. Although in the countryside near mons (Bergen) and liege (luik) they still may be heard occasionally. The German speaking population of Belgium numbers less than 90,000 people.Yet because it is concentrated about Eupen and malmedy and near the boarder with luxem, bourg, it has been able to win language rights in those areas. Also in Belgium, the religion of both Flemish an d Walloons is Roman Catholic, but with markedly different attitudes. Many Walloons give roman doctrine a liberal interpretation and are not strict in their attendance at mass. In the Flemish areas of Belgium the churches are crowded. Roman Doctrine is strictly adhered to and seldom questioned, and the local clergy have considerable influence within their parishes.On a higher level the arch- bishop of Mechelin (Malines) enjoys universal respect and is one of the national leaders a portion of the salaries of the Roman Catholic, Protestant, Anglican, and Jewish clergy the protestant denomination in Belgium are not strong, although they have grown since World War II. 8 Culture and Custom The Flemish of Germanic bloods, and the Walloons, with the Latin ties, have been less than odds in cultural endeavors than the linguistic situation would seem to indicate. Belgium’s artistic output has coincided with the years of its greatest economic expansion for example, the Burgundian period. The 15th century was especially rich in painting, music, architecture, and literature. By the end of the 17th century, artistic production was nearly at a stand still. After 1830, with Belgian independence, a rebirth of the arts began and gathered momentum toward the close of the century. The 20th century has witnessed ever-increasing cultural activity. The traditions of Flemish school were carried on into the Italians. In the 17th century Peter Paul Pubens and his baroque school evaded a direct Italian influence. He painted religious and pagan scenes as well as landscapes and portraits. The 18th century showed little interest in painting.Romanticism in the 19th century was represented by Gustav Wappers, Louis Gallait and Hendrick Seys. An impressionist school produced Rik Wouters, who was a sculptor. In the 20th century, James Ensor, the father of Flemish expressionism, was very influential with his experimental forms. While Flanders produced the most outstanding works of painting, it was Walloons territory, Hainaut and Liege that produced the musical genius of the country. The musical contribution of Belgium to European culture is less well known than its painting but no less remarkable. The art of modern music was born on what is now Belgian soil.Because of the linguistic division of the country, Belgium has always possessed two literatures, French and Flemish. The Matter is further complicated by the fact that Flemings have, at times, written their works in French. The literature of this meeting ground of Germanic and Romance civilizations must be considered under its two divisions, French and Flemish 9 Conclusion Belgium is a constitutional monarchy in Western Europe. An independent nation since 1830. The labor there was only about 6 percent of their population is employed in agriculture, and there has been a continuing slow decrease in the number of farmers.Increments in the labor supply have generally occurred in the manufacturing industries. Most farme rs own their own land. Many find it necessary to supplement the income gained from their small acreage by taking part-time jobs in the towns. In the economic expansion of the first half of the 1960’s, employment in manufacturing went up approximately 12 percent, laborers from abroad especially Italy, have been attracted by these conditions, yet unemployment has continued to exist in the Borinage and West Flanders. Also in Belgium, income is also gained from Belgium’s transportation facilities.Although the rail system is the densest in Europe and successfully handles a high- volume freight and passenger service, as much or more freight is transported on the inland waterway system. Belgium’s educational system is highly developed despite the ill of two major controversies. The law established that it is the national government’s responsibility to see that satisfactory schools of all kinds are within reach of all children. 10 Table of contents pageAcknowled gement 1 History 2-3 Nature of marriage 4 Selection of marriage mates 5 Nature of the family 6 Basic function of the family 7 Changes in the family 8 References: http://vcampus. uom. ac. mu/soci1101/571marriage_partner_selection. html http://mycatholicweb. org/marriage/the-true-nature-of-marriage http://www. okanagan. bc. ca/Assets/Departments+(Education)/International+Students/Documents/ESL+Quiz. pdf Belgium Map 11 Belgium places 12 The Belgium Flag 14 13

General Biology Ii Study Guide (Online Class)

1. Is the gametophyte stage dominant in Bryophytes? Yes or No 2. Most plants have vascular tissue; these constitute the ________ plants. Vascular 3. Seeds can lie dormant for many years. True 4. Bryophytes are small because they lack ______. Vascular Tissue 5. Leaves increase the surface area for photosynthesis. True 6. Seeds contain _____ inside of a protective coat. Nutrient supply, embryo 7. Angiosperms produce seeds that are often enclosed by _____. Fruit 8. _____ transports water in vascular plant. Xylem 9. Pollen is usually dispersed by _____. Wind 10. A ________________ is an embryo and nutrients surrounded by a protective coat.Seed11. Which phylum includes ferns? Phylum Pterophyta12. ________________ are organs that anchor vascular plants. Roots13. What is the difference in reproduction between a blueberry bush and a pine tree? Pine trees do not produce flowers and produce seeds that are not enclosed by fruit. Blueberry bushes produce flowers and produce seeds enclosed by fruit.14. Seedless vascular plants reproduce via spores contained inside seeds. False15. Experiment 2 in lab showed that _____. Plants take up carbon dioxide.16. Non-vascular plants are commonly called ______. Bryophytes17. Which phylum are the moss in?Bryophyta18. Bryophytes require _____ for fertilization to occur. Water19. A fern is a seedless vascular plant. True20. Lab experiment 1 for this week clearly showed that _____. Aquatic plants will produce gas when exposed to light.21. Gymnosperms do not produce seeds. False22. _____ transports sugars in vascu lar plants. Phloem23. Describe two things that are unique to angiosperms that help them in reproduction. They have flowers and the ability of â€Å"double fertilization†.24. A ______ is a passageway for oxygen and carbon dioxide. They are holes in the underside of a leaf. toma (pl. stomata)25. Vascular tissue arrangement is directly related to the stem’s ability for _______________ growth. Secondary26. Trichomes can protect a plant from predation by herbivores. True27. The ground tissue cells called _____ cells are the most common type of plant cell and carry out photosynthesis. Parenchyma28. Which part of the root would you look in if you wanted to find a cell going through mitosis (cell reproduction)? Zone of cell division29. Which type of vascular tissue allows the movement of water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves? Xylem30. What structure protects the root as it pushes its way through the soil? Root cap31. All plant cells contain secondary cell walls. Fal se32. _______________ meristems are located at the tips of stems and roots. Apical33. Which type of plant tissue is for protection? Dermal34. Which type of vascular tissue carries sugars to all parts of the plant. Phloem35. The alternate form of leaf arrangement is the most common of the three types of leaf arrangement. True36. What are plant cell walls made of? Cellulose37. Vascular plants have a have a specialized circulation system composed of [x] and [y]. X=Xylem, Y=Phloem38. Which plant organ is a beet? Root39. Guard cells are responsible for closing and opening the lenticellular maculation. False40. The diffusion of water vapor from a plant is called ____. Transpiration41. Some kinds of plants live without ever making contact with the soil. True42. Which plant organ helps to anchor them in the soil and absorb water and minerals? Roots43. Explain why the carnation changed colors in Experiment #2 in the Plant Circulation lab. The process of water moving through the vascular tiss ue of the plant. As the water moved through the flower it carried the dye with it.44. Lateral meristems are found in plants that exhibit ____ growth. Secondary45. The shoot system consists of the underground portion of the plant. False46. Secondary growth is an increase in the _____ of the plant. Width or girth47. _____ are members of the phylum _____ and feed by _____. Sea anemones †¦ Cnidaria †¦ using stinging cells to capture small animals that venture too close to them48. Planarians lack dedicated respiratory and circulatory systems because none of their cells are far removed from the gastrovascular cavity or from the external environment because they are flat.49. Annelids _____. have a mouth that is separate from the anus and segments50. A sponge's structural materials (spicules, spongin) are manufactured by the Amoebocytes51. In sponges which cell captures food? Choanocyte or collar cell52. In most insects, gas exchange is accomplished by _____. A tracheal system wit h spiracles, trachea, and tracheoles53. A land snail, a clam, and an octopus all share Membership in Phylum Mollusca54. A major characteristic of arthropods is _____. A chitinous exoskeleton and jointed appendages55. In arthropods, molting is necessary because _____.The hard exoskeleton cannot grow.56. Humans most frequently acquire trichinosis (infection by Trichinella spiralis) by Eating undercooked pork57. Which of the following describe(s) echinoderms? Tubefeet provide motility in most species58. Which clade in the phylum Cnidaria includes â€Å"jellies† with rounded (as opposed to boxlike) medusae? Scyphozoa59. Sponges are most accurately described as Aquatic filter feeders60. Sponges lack _____. All of the listed responses are correct.61. Consider the following list of animals: giant squid, earthworm, largemouth bass, snail, tapeworm, coral, and starfish.The two that belong to the same phylum are the _____, and their phylum is _____. giant squid and snail †¦ Mollus ca62. Corals are most closely related to which group? Sea anemones63. Which letter is pointing to the part of the flower that attracts insects? H64. Which letter is pointing to the stamen? A65. An unidentified species of animal displays the following characteristics: bilateral symmetry, a complete digestive system, an open circulatory system, distinct body segmentation, it has six jointed walking legs, and it molts when it grows.To which of the following animal phyla does this species most likely belong? Arthropoda66. Jellies and corals are members of the same _____, all members of which _____. phylum †¦ have special stinging cells on their tentacles67. A terrestrial mollusc without a shell would be called a _____. Slug68. Leeches are members of the phylum _____. Annelida69. Tapeworms are highly specialized worms that make their living as endoparasites. To which of the following phyla do the tapeworms belong? Phylum Platyhelminthes70. Sponges feed by _____. Filtering small part icles from water Read also Lab 2 Biology71. An active marine predator is found possessing these characteristics: a series of tentacles (eight of them modified from the foot) on its head, a highly developed nervous system, and elaborate eyes. To which of the following animal classes does this organism most likely belong? Cephalopoda72. List the four key characteristics of chordates. Notochord Dorsal hollow nerve cord Muscular post anal tail Pharyngeal slits73. What is the single unique characteristic that distinguishes extant birds from other extant vertebrates? Feathers74. Most reptiles are ______ which means they cannot regulate their own body temperature.Cold-blooded and ectothermic75. How would you tell the difference between a reptile egg and a bird egg? The reptile egg will have a flexible leathery shell and the bird egg will have a hard shell.76. A sea star is an invertebrate. True77. If an animal has hair, feeds its young milk, an lays eggs it is a ______. monotreme platypus echidna spiny ante ater78. Why is the amniotic egg considered an important evolutionary breakthrough? It allows deposition of eggs in a terrestrial environment.79. Turtles are reptiles. True80. What is the main difference between the skeleton of a shark and a trout?The shark has a skeleton made of cartilage, while a trout has a skeleton made of bone.81. Sharks are classified in which class? Chondrichthyes82. Birds _____. Warm-blooded83. Chordates have ___________ symmetry. Bilateral84. The gill flap, or operculum, was an important adaptation for fish because it helps with _____. Maintaining a supply of action85. Which of these characteristics added most to vertebrate success in relatively dry environments? The shelled, amniotic egg86. A frog is an invertebrate. False87. Amphibians can lay their eggs on land without fear of them drying out because they lay eggs with a flexible shell.False88. The opossum is an example of a(n) _____ mammal. Marsupial89. Which of the following animals is an amphibian? Cae cilian90. A kangaroo or an opossum is a ______. Marsupial91. All mammals _____. Nourish their offspring through mammary glands92. The swim bladder of ray-finned fishes Provides for regulation of buoyancy.93. Habitat loss, the spread of a fungal disease, climate change, and pollution are causing severe population declines and extinction in _____. Amphibians94. Pick the example of the invertebrate chordate from the list below. Lancelet95. Some sharks are viviparous, which means that _____.The young develop within the female’s body.96. Which of the six major types of connective tissue has a rigid matrix that contains collagen and calcium salts? Bone97. In vertebrates the space between cells if filled with blood. False98. Tissues are composed of cells, and tissues functioning together make up Organs99. __________ animals generate heat by metabolism. Endothermic100. Food processing, absorption, and distribution in your body are mainly accomplished by the _____ systems. Digestive a nd circulatory101. Do hormone signals functions faster than nerve signals? No102. Ligaments are what kind of connective tissue? A type of fibrous connective tissue103. Positive feedback differs from negative feedback in that The positive feedback's effector responses are in the same direction as the initiating stimulus rather than opposite to it.104. Food moves along the digestive tract as the result of contractions by Smooth muscle105. Fibroblasts secrete Proteins for connective fibers106. Hormones _____. All of the listed responses are correct.107. __________ is the study of the biological functions an organism performs. Physiology108. EndothermyIs a characteristic of animals that have a fairly constant body temperature.109. What covers the outside of the body and lines the organs and cavities within the body? Epithelial tissue110. _____ feedback most directly maintains homeostasis because it _____. Negative †¦ tends to keep a system at a desirable â€Å"set point†111. Which of the following are connective tissues? Adipose tissue, cartilage, bone, and blood112. The cells lining the air sacs in the lungs make up a Simple squamous epithelium.113. Explain what happened to your egg or bone in lab this week, why it happened, and what caused it.The egg shell or bone softened and became flexible because the calcium salts were removed from the egg shell or bone by the vinegar (mild acid).114. Tendons connect bones at joints. False115. If we could only carry out digestion but not absorption we would die. True116. List the three major types of blood vessels. Arteries, veins, and capillaries117. When you shiver your muscular system is _____. Producing heat118. Interstitial fluid once it has entered the lymphatic vessels is called ____. Lymph119. Which system eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body? Urinary system120. Which type of muscle is voluntary?Skeletal121. Weight bearing exercise will do what for the skeleton? Strengthen it122. The organs that pr oduce sperm are the ovaries. False.123. When your body needs calcium for the blood where does it come from assuming the diet is inadequate? The bones or skeletal system.124. The organ level of structural organization comes before the tissue level of structural organization. False125. The integration and command center of the body is the _____. Central nervous system126. Which pigment is most responsible for dark skin color? Melanin127. One function of the integumentary system is to make vitamin _____. D128. The tube that leads into the lungs is called the ____. Trachea129. Which type of blood vessel carries blood away from the heart? Arteries130. Which type of muscle would propel food through the digestive tract? Smooth131. Place the following regions of the skin in the correct order from top (most superficial) to bottom (deepest). Epidermis, dermis, hypodermis132. List the two components of the central nervous system. Brain and spinal cord133. The digestive process depends on _____ . Enzymes134. The kidneys are part of which system? Urinary135. The body system that forms the external body covering is called the ____ system.Integumentary136. What kinds of cells does the skeletal system make? Blood cells137. The system that returns interstitial fluid back to the blood is the ___ system. Lymphatic138. The liver is part of the digestive system. True 139. Mammary glands are specialized sweat glands that produce milk. True140. How are humans altering the carbon cycle? Burning fossil fuels141. The phosphorous cycle depends on the weathering of ____. Rock142. Herbivores eat ____. Plants143. The nitrogen cycle relies heavily on ____. Bacteria144. Fertilizer use will alter the nitrogen cycle balance. True145.The competitive exclusion principle states that two species cannot coexist in a community if their niches are identical. True146. Deforestation and herbicide use will increase the loss of nutrients from the soil. True147. Which type of consumer preys on the producer s? Primary consumer148. Acid rain will remove calcium from the soil just like it removed calcium from the egg or bone in lab. True149. What drives the global water cycle? Solar energy150. Competition may limit the growth of both species involved. True151. A ______ includes all the organisms inhabiting a particular area. Community152. The type of symbiotic relationship where one organism benefits and the other is not significantly affected is called ____. Commensalism153. The gradual colonization of barren rocks is called _____. Primary succession154. ________ may occur when a shared resource is limited. Competition155. Which of the following trophic levels would have the lowest population size? Tertiary consumer156. What two processes does the carbon cycle depend on? Cellular respiration and photosynthesis157. Energy flows into ecosystems in the form of _____ and exits in the form of ______. Light energy, heat158. Which pH did the radish seeds grow best at? The radish seeds would ha ve grown best at a pH near neutral (pH 7)159. Predation can lead to adaptations like _______ and ________ such as poisons. Camouflage and chemical defenses160. Food chains interconnect forming _____. Food webs161. What process is essential for recycling nutrients in an ecosystem? Decomposition162. How much of the energy stored at each trophic level is available to the next level? 10%163. Thorns and poisons are a defense against ______. Herbivores164. List the three types of symbiotic relationships. Parasitism, commensalism, mutualism.165. Dams alter ecosystems both upstream and downstream. True166. Which type of resource cannot be replenished? Non-renewable167. _______ is the variety of life on earth. Biodiversity168. Wetlands filter pollution and limit flooding. True169. Modern farming practices reduce the loss of ____. Topsoil170. Alien species in an area can cause ____. Extinction171. Popcorn trees are an example of an alien species. True172. Desertification removes the base of t he food chain. True173. Light pollution can affect ecosystems. True174. ______ ______ produce greenhouse gases. Fossil Fuels

System Details essays

System Details essays Fiesta the Sun Also Rises by Hemingway The Sun Also Rises: Hemingway's depiction of the traditional hero The Hemingway Hero Prevalent among many of Ernest Hemingways novels is the concept popularly known as the Hemingway hero, an ideal character readily accepted by American readers as a mans man. In The Sun Also Rises, four different men are compared and contrasted as they engage in some form of relationship with Lady Brett Ashley, a near-nymphomaniac Englishwoman who indulges in her passion for sex and control. Brett plans to marry her fiancee for superficial reasons, completely ruins one man emotionally and spiritually, separates from another to preserve the idea of their short-lived affair and to avoid self-destruction, and denies and disgraces the only man whom she loves most dearly. All her relationships occur in a period of months, as Brett either accepts or rejects certain values or traits of each man. Brett, as a dynamic and self-controlled woman, and her four love interests help demonstrate Hemingways standard definition of a man and/or masculinity. Each man Brett has a relationship with in the novel possesses distinct qualities that enable Hemingway to explore what it is to truly be a man. The Hemingway man thus presented is a man of action, of self-discipline and self-reliance, and of strength and courage to confront all weaknesses, fears, failures, and even death. Jake Barnes, as the narrator and supposed hero of the novel, fell in love with Brett some years ago and is still powerfully and uncontrollably in love with her. However, Jake is unfortunately a casualty of the war, having been emasculated in a freak accident. Still adjusting to his impotence at the beginning of the novel, Jake has lost all power and desire to have sex. Because of this, Jake and Brett cannot be lovers and all attempts at a relationship that is sexually fulfilling are simply futile. Brett is a passionate, lu...

Computer Science Term Paper Guide 10 Topics and 5 Ways to Deal with Them

Computer Science Term Paper Guide 10 Topics and 5 Ways to Deal with Them Studying in the Computer Science Department? It is reasonably good to choose such a career path – an academic degree in this area of study opens a door to a career with the endless possibilities: the exceptional job conditions, high salaries, and diverse job opportunities across industries, from business to government. Know what lies behind these great possibilities? A lot of work, energy and time to get the desired outcome of any scientific discipline – both theoretical and practical knowledge. This computer science term paper guide is a wealth of computer science topics ranging from general research questions to specialized ones. You’ll be informed about the most effective ways of dealing with computer science term paper writing, in which you’re required to apply both types of scientific knowledge. What Is a Term Paper on Computer Science? A term paper definition is a type of research paper designed for a graduate course setting of an academic term. As for Computer Science, term papers can be related to the sea of subfields and specializations, among which there are widely spread: Software Engineering; Computer Networking; Web Designing; Computer Vision; Programming Languages; Quantum Computing; Data Mining; Artificial Intelligence, etc. Indeed, this list of study areas within Computer Science is endless as the process of computerization moves so quickly that more and more specialists are required in the world’s job market. Consider the Employment Outlook for Computer Science Careers to make sure that you can be a much-wanted commodity. But for that, you should meet all the requirements suggested by your university. One of the main conditions for successful graduation in most universities is writing term papers on Computer Science. In general, you should ask yourself the following 3 questions when you are considering what you need to deal with in your computer science term paper: What is the research issue my computer science term paper should address? Due to a variety of research questions on Computer Science, you have a huge choice of possible term paper topics. Think of a niche of your academic work. You can be motivated to specify the research field of your term paper by many factors, namely its rationale, relevance, and contribution. What are the possible contributions of my term paper to Computer Science? Every year, thousands of computer science research papers are submitted and published in scholarly journals. If you research a chosen computer science topic extensively, you have more chances to highlight the topic that is less studied, but about which there is much to say. Even if you don’t bring a new understanding of the research problem, you can use a new methodology for solving the same problem. What relevant materials can I gather to use for writing my scientific term paper? The direct access to many sources of information may sidetrack you and your attention from the most essential for term paper writing – to substantiate a research proposal with the logical findings. Use that information that won’t allow you to go in circles. In other words, a term paper on Computer Science is a major writing assignment that requires you to demonstrate a full understanding of a specific topic. What Term Paper Topics Are Relevant for Computer Science: Our Writers Are Ready to Share Their Ideas Cloud Computing: Its Development and Testing 6 Technologies for Data Exploration, Data Analysis, and Data Visualisation; Virtual Reality: The Contemporary Interest Around the World Computer Programming Languages: Their Purpose, Application and Significance Human-Computer Interaction: Is It Always Successful? Privacy and Security in the Digital Era: X Ways How to Achieve It? Virtualization and Abstraction in Computer Science: What Does It Bring Today? 7 Most Complex Natural Language Processing Problems: Parsing, Information Extraction, or Machine Translation? Graphics and Imaging Laboratory Analysis The Systematic and Effective Study of Data in a Multidimensional View Before starting to write a term paper on Computer Science topics either from our list or your instructor’s list, the first necessary and the most obvious point is the understanding of the topic. As a scientific discipline, the field of computer science may cause much confusion. One of the computer science enthusiasts, Joke Noppers, shares own ideas about understanding computer science in a Master’s thesis. Another way to understand a topic is to read different tutorials, for example, this one if you want to wade through innumerable details on Machine Learning. What Are the Steps towards Successful Computer Term Paper Writing? For all computer science term paper topics, you have to: Read all the instructions given by your educator completely and comprehensively. You can be sure that you’re required to discuss a topic, but indeed you may be asked to do it with the help of different approaches to the research problems. Carefully examine the assignment to figure out what you are specifically asked to perform. Create a schedule for completing a term paper on time. A term paper is not a last-minute assignment. Usually, it is given at the beginning of an academic term bearing in mind that you will do it in parts. It will be convenient to have a personal calendar on Google with the deadlines set before the due dates of a submission of this or that part of a term paper. For example, if you need to show a methodology chapter to your supervisor on 7 January 2020, mention the deadline the 1st of January so that you will have enough time to revise, proofread and so on. Make sure to give yourself enough time for every part of a computer science term paper. Do an in-depth research on a term paper topic. Today, an abundance of material is available to you. If you get an actual book on a topic, and find academic papers, journals, and other materials, you will understand better the background and the current thinking on a topic. Both types of information sources can be used for computer science term paper primary (original sources of articles, documents, legal cases, interviews, experiments, etc.) and secondary (other peoples interpretations and explanations of the primary sources). Be open to learning new data about a topic under consideration while researching. Don’t forget to take notes according to 5 Oxford effective taking notes methods. Stick to a term paper writing format. Despite the fact that formatting of research papers depends on the course. In many term papers, including computer science term paper, it is universally accepted to have explicitly identified and labeled sections of a term paper rather than to write a continuous uninterrupted text. Develop an outline for your term paper. If you prepare an outline for a term paper assignment, your ideas are better structured. Working on a computer with a term paper outline allows you to do it faster. You just copy and paste the necessary information from your notes into the parts of your outline. You can change the sequence of your ideas within an outline so that less time will be spent on drafting. In practice, an outline is extended into the first draft of your term paper. The added outline can look quite messy at first glance, but when it works for your benefit – nothing essential is missed out. What Are the Effective Writing Strategies for a Term Paper? When all the prewriting steps are taken, you’re ready to start the writing process itself. Right? You’ve already known the standard format of a term paper. That’s why you need to deal with a separate part of it. Get to the point immediately in the introduction. It is a common mistake of many students when they intend to speak in generalities on a topic, maybe, in order to meet a page or word count or because they don’t have anything to say meaningfully. With your good introduction for a term paper, you should give a proper orientation to the readers and make them want to read the rest of the paper. Develop the main body of a term paper. After your reader is introduced to a research topic, he/she knows what you are going to say, don’t hesitate to say it in a proper way. Basically, you should divide this part into sections, then subsections, points and subpoints. Every unit should be logical and correspond to a heading. If you need to review the literature concerning the current state of research, do it in an appropriate section under the title ‘Literature Review’. Remember that all information sources you refer to needs a reference according to a formatting style (APA, MLA, Chicago or Harvard). Prioritize the work on the main body of your term paper accordingly: interpret the main literary sources, state methods for your research, turn to a necessary research approach. Arrive at the logical conclusions. It isn’t time to relax just because you are at the finish of writing this ‘excellent’ term paper. Everything has an end – even the longest day must have an end. It would be perfect that your term paper will have a fitting end to a scientific paper – key original findings and recommendations for further research. The concluded chapter should give the readers the feeling that it was worthwhile to read your paper. Besides, it should stimulate their further thinking, either critical or analytical one. Compile a reference/bibliography page. Any research paper emerges from nowhere – there are some assumptions of analysis, the backgrounds of the topic and so on. Moreover, it would be much more difficult to work on a topic on your won with a clean sheet of paper in hands. For that reason, you can refer to someone’s works in the field you are studying. And it won’t mean that you steal someone’s ideas. But remember there is no sign of plagiarism only if you refer to the sources correctly. All references cited in your term paper must be listed on a bibliography page. As a rule, this page or several pages depending on the number of the sources used are the last ones of your term paper. Further on, only appendixes (maps, statistics, charts, etc.) can be placed. Edit a term paper based on the style requirements. Once again, return to the first step of your term paper writing. What should you do? Carefully look through an assignment. Well, what style are you required to use in your term paper? APA, MLA, Harvard or Chicago? Look again at your text. Is it written accordingly the style peculiarities? Now, it is time to make final touches to your term paper writing. Reread it again and again while the submission date doesn’t come. Alternatively, let other competent or more experienced people proofread and edit your paper. This way you’ll save your time and nerves. Writing a term paper is always relevant to any course whatever you choose to study. But if you’ve decided to achieve considerable results in Computer Science, start writing an A+ term paper right now. Broaden your expertise quickly with our help and the computer science term paper tips above.

Emphatic Expressions - Strong Collocations

Emphatic Expressions - Strong Collocations Adverb intensifiers can be used to emphasize verbs. These emphatic expressions are used in formal English in written documents and when speaking at formal occasions such as business meetings and giving presentations. Here is a list of some of the most common of these intensifiers. Intensifiers categorically - in every manner, without reservedeeply - strongly, with much feelingenthusiastically - with great joyfreely - without hesitationfully - completely, without any doubthonestly - truly believingpositively - without any doubtreadily - without hesitationsincerely - with best wishesstrongly - with convictiontotally - without any doubtutterly - without any doubt Using Intensifiers in Sentences Here are example sentences of each intensifier which can be noted in italics. I categorically dont want to spend any time doing that homework.She deeply feels the need to treat others with respect.The children played soccer enthusiastically.You can find local newspapers freely available all over town.Alice does her work quickly and honestly.Youll find that many people readily accept low pay due to current levels of unemployment.  I can sincerely recommend John for the job.  She strongly presents her point of view.  Hes totally sure hes ready to take the test.Drake thinks its utterly useless to spend any more time on the project.   Using Intensifiers   Generally speaking, be very careful with your use of intensifiers. These are strong words, and they make a strong impression. When used carefully, these adverbs can really underline something you feel strongly about. However, if used too often, the intensifiers can begin to sound rather aggressive. Its best to use these words with great care, and only when you really want to make a point.   Words Used with Intensifiers These are generally used with specific verbs to create emphatic expressions. These intensifier verb combinations are strong collocations. Collocations are words that are always or often used together. Here is a list of the intensifier verb combinations which make up the emphatic expressions: Intensifier Verb Collocations Emphatic Expression categorically deny - In no way did I do something.deeply regret - I am strongly sorry for my actions.enthusiastically endorse - I happily, and with my whole heart believe in something.freely appreciate - I certainly understand something.fully recognize - I am aware of some situation.honestly believe - I think something is true without any doubt.positively encourage - I hope that you do something very strongly.readily endorse - I believe in something someone else does without hesitation.sincerely hope - I honestly want something for someone else.strongly recommend - I really think you should do something.totally reject - I refuse to believe or do in any case.utterly refuse - I completely do not want to do or believe. Here are example sentences for each of these emphatic expressions: We categorically deny any involvement in the scandal.I deeply regret the loss of your loved one.I enthusiastically endorse the local cancer society.We freely appreciate the current difficulties in this market.I fully recognize your need to improve your career.I honestly believe he is telling the truth.Wed like to positively encourage you to buy this stock.Our company readily endorses his run for office.I sincerely hope you are able to find employment soon.Id like to strongly recommend you visit an employment specialist.They totally reject any compromise in these negotiations.Im afraid I utterly refuse to believe anything he says. Heres a short quiz. Choose the correct intensifier for each gap. He ______ appreciates your interest in the company.Jennifer _________ hopes you telephone her soon.The boss _________ rejects any changes to worker contracts.The thief _________ denied any wrongdoing in the crime.Many people __________ believe Ronald Reagan was a great president.Doug _____________ recommends having steak at that restaurant.Unfortunately, the CEO ____________ refused to make any compromises.Many young people ______________ endorse the new president.If you want to succeed, youll have to ___________ recognize the need to study long hours.She ______________ regrets any problems she may have caused.   Answers freely appreciatessincerely hopestotally rejectscategorically deniedhonestly believehighly recommendsutterly refusedenthusiastically endorse  fully recognizedeeply regrets

Anthropological perspectives on Peace and Conflict Studies Research Paper

Anthropological perspectives on Peace and Conflict Studies - Research Paper Example It explores how people of diverse appearance, different cultures and mutually incomprehensible languages live together peacefully. This paper will give an analysis of the possible causes of the Israeli/Palestinian conflict as well as solutions for the conflict from anthropological point of view. Introduction The conflict between Palestinians and Israelis is a struggle that has been going on since the mid of the 20th century. Within both Palestinian and Israeli societies, this conflict has generated a wide range of opinions and views. This underscores the deep divisions existing between Palestinians and Israelis and also within either society. This conflict has caused a high level of violence for almost the whole duration. Paramilitary groups, regular armies, terror cells and individuals have been conducting fights. Besides the military, casualties have also come from civilian population with a lot of fatalities on both sides. It has been noted that prominent global actors have engage d themselves in the conflict (Gelvin 15). Anthropology gives a scientific basis for handling crucial dilemma in today’s world. It explores how people of diverse appearance, different cultures and mutually incomprehensible languages live together peacefully. Anthropology calls for no naturalization of all human constructions and recognition of culture’s arbitrariness including arbitrariness of power (Lewellen 17). This paper will give an analysis of the possible causes of the Israeli/Palestinian conflict as well as solutions for the conflict from anthropological point of view. Causes of Israeli-Palestinian Conflict It has often been said that the conflict between Palestinians and Israelis is about land. This claim is designed to counter the usual misconception suggesting that the Israelis and Palestinians have a historical clash that dates back to hundreds of years as a result of inherent cultural and religious contempt for each other. The lands claims play a vital role in both sides of animosities, but it fails to give the full story (Harms 60). The more complex and more accurate explanation for this conflict is that it is about the emerging relationship between two groups of people living in the same area, particularly regarding the emergence of firstly, Jewish nationalism (Zionism) and secondly, Palestinian nationalism, which occurred between the late 19th century and early 20th century. The definitions and development of both nationalisms are the basis of the conflict. The emergence of Zionism was not in reaction to Muslims, Palestinians or Arabs, but in response to perceived and real anti-Semitism in Europe and Russia. Although the decision to make Israel a Zionist state location was founded on religious factors, this was largely untrue regarding the decision to establish a Zionist state. When Zionists came to Israel, they did not intend to evict the native population although they were oblivious to it to a great extent. The Zionist movement encouraged immigration to Israel using the slogan, "A land without a people for a people without a land." On reaching Israel, they sought land and believed this maxim, and in this way, they had already sowed the seed of the conflict. Mostly, Zionist settlers showed no animosity against the indigenous population. They never removed Palestinians from their land using force, but they had a simple economic strategy of purchasing land from Arab tribes that represented the indigenous Palestinian inhabitants. This resulted into the Palestinians identifying

GBI Brunei Initiatives - Transformation and Sustainability Essay

GBI Brunei Initiatives - Transformation and Sustainability - Essay Example Green building initiatives are constrained by the challenging processes of transition to sustainable development, technological setback, limited population awareness, limited skilled labor and the high cost of the green building processes. Research and literature have revealed that GBI approach is feasible, and it is in line with Vision 2035 goals. However, the dream would be effectively realized if a focus is directed on tackling the inherent obstacles. In all the efforts, there are high expectations for the government to partake further initiatives in order to align the GBIs with vision 2035 goals. In the contemporary world, the need to embrace or strive towards the attainment of green economy is particularly emphasized. The emphasis is increasingly being laid upon every area of human social and economic activity, including the building processes. In Brunei, this scenario is well depicted by the existence of Green building initiative. Green building initiative refers to use of environmental friendly practices in the design, construction and operation of buildings. It is an effort by the present generations to preserve resources and the environment for future generations. This paper analyses the GBI in Brunei, the extent Brunei has adopted the practice, the problems it is facing and how these problems can be solved. The objective of this paper is to assess the extent to which the GBI goals are feasible, highlight the inherent impediments and propose possible measures. A survey questionnaire, which is directed to designers, builders and users of different buildings, is used. Thi s is informed by the fact that the employment of questionnaire interview would be pivotal in ascertaining the commitment, as well as the perception of different stakeholders towards the GB initiative. As the globe strives to achieve a green, sustainable economy, Brunei has not been left out. This is clearly

Business Entities, Laws, and Regulations Research Paper - 1

Business Entities, Laws, and Regulations - Research Paper Example Lou and Jose have planned to open a sports bar and restaurant, but they seem to have insufficient funds to support their business plan. Miriam, an investor, wants to provide capital to start the business on a partnership basis but has no time to participate in the day to day affairs of business. Lou and Jose have the option of either to accept the proposal of Miriam or to take loans from other institutions as they are short of fund. It can be stated in this respect that it will be profitable for Lou and Jose to accept the proposal of Miriam which would facilitate the sufficiency of the fund in return of a certain percentage of ownership, thus reducing the debt as well as interest rate risks. However, it is worth mentioning that prior to launching a business as a partnership concern, legal agreements should be signed explicitly documenting the rights and liabilities of each member. The other most important criteria in the bar and restaurant business are to acquire the license to serve alcoholic beverages to the customers. In addition to the alcohol supplying license, the entity should also acquire entertainment license from the local government which includes the permit to broadcast sporting shows on large television screens along with facilitating live amusement activities and dance performances. Since the business requires heavy investment in furniture, dà ©cors, and other types of equipment, necessary investments should be made in terms of insurances so as to avoid any risk related to these factors.

Entrepreneurial Action Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Entrepreneurial Action - Coursework Example Future Plans 10 14. Funding request 10 15. Exit strategies 10 Executive Summary Solo Pasta Restaurant is a pasta restaurant located on Holloway Road 7N. The business is owned by four partners that contributed equally to fund the business. Our aim is to grow the business seeing profits in the first year and build recognition and awareness of the business. Ultimately we plan to expand into other markets. Competition is mainly from fast food eateries i.e. McDonalds and a new business that will compete directly with us. Business Idea Concept Solo Pasta Restaurant will serve a variety of pasta, sauces, vegetables and meat. Our service will be unique in that the customers can design his pasta bowl with whatever they want on the pasta. It will seat forty (40) patrons and employ four (4) employees. The planned target market would be first students, because of the location and working adults, as these are the two groups of people that eat out the most. Solo Pasta will offer a twenty percent ( 20%) discount to college students. Solo Pasta will employ skilled workers that can provide for fast friendly service and produce quality foods. In addition to the pasta dishes, Solo Pasta will offer hot drinks and breakfast baguettes. Mission Solo Pasta Restaurant’s mission is to provide quality products with fast friendly service. ... Objectives Solo Pastas objective is to breakeven or post a profit in the first year of operations. We also want to gain 30% of the targeted markets by the end of the first year of operations. SWOT Analysis Strengths Solo Pasta was first to open at its location and it has already began to develop a loyal clientele. Many of the same customers stop in for coffee or tea and breakfast baguettes day after day, and the same is true of our lunch and dinner clientele. Many of our customers have taken advantage of our promotions of free coffee and twenty percent (20%) student discounts. Financially Solo Pasta is exceeding the breakeven point on a daily basis as of the second month of operation. Furthermore we offer a unique product and service by allow customers to design the contents of their pasta bowls. Solo pasta has above average quality of product and excels in customer service. Additionally our location is a benefit as we are in the heart of north campus and close to the tube on Hollowa y Road. Weaknesses Solo Pasta utilizes no outside funding. This limits the amount that can be spent on advertising. Solo Pasta has a limited number of seating capacity. Presently, Solo Pasta does not offer a carry out service. Opportunities Solo Pasta could seek out investors to increase the amount of funds available for advertising. Solo Pasta could develop a carry out service to increase number of daily customers they could serve. Solo Pasta could run additional promotions to increase sales. Solo Pasta could advertise on local or collegiate television and radio stations. Threats Solo Pasta face a threat from the new restaurant that just opened. The threats posed by the new restaurant, unlike other eateries on Holloway, serve

Book report for Native American Religious Traditions by Suzanne J Essay

Book report for Native American Religious Traditions by Suzanne J. Crawford - Essay Example Due to their tradition, oral tradition is a way of passing down history, laws, and religion. For an example, the Lakota people tell Ehanni stories to explain creation, or how everything and the world was created. Ohunkakan stories give guidelines on good behavior. Ehanni Wicowoyake relates the stories of Lakota history. In Native American Religious Traditions, Crawford explains how the three tribes focused on for this book use oral tradition uniquely. An example would England and Russia both have literary history, but they way it is written or presented is different. Like with the oral tradition, the Lakota, Dine, and Coast Salish have diverse ceremonial practices. The Lakota has one of the most recognized ceremonial practices of the Sun Dance. The Sun Dance has been portrayed in different movies inaccurately as a ceremony an adolescent man is forced to dance around a pole with needles embedded in his body hooked by string to the pole. Crawford explains the Sun Dance better. The needles are actually bones, the strings are leather thongs, and the pole a tree that never touches the ground specially prepared for the event. After the pole is erected dancing begins at sunrise with the dancers looking at the sun. Anyone can dance with short breaks, but no food or water. This lasts four days. The self-sacrificers prepared during this time. Then male volunteers who wanted something like a cure for a sick relative, tribal purification, and so forth would be pierced in both sides by buffalo bones tied to leather straps. The goal is to get the bone from yo ur body by dancing around the pole. It is a purification ceremony. This and other ceremonies are explained in Crawford’s book. Finally, Crawford looks honestly at a shameful part of American history; the colonization of the Native Americans. All Native Americans encountering European settlers faced the civilization process of Christianity. The Europeans felt

Science Activities in the Kindergarten Term Paper

Science Activities in the Kindergarten - Term Paper Example Science Activities in the Kindergarten Parents and teachers must ensure that they adequately expose children to the basic realities of life, with an educative approach; appropriate to their age group. Teachers play one of the most influential roles during ‘early childhood’ since they spend anywhere between four to eight hours a day with their students during their formative years. This makes it imperative for teachers to develop and inculcate the qualities of listening, understanding, respecting and empathizing, so that they may improve on their relationships with students. ‘Counseling skills’ form an integral part of training programs that are specially designed for teachers and have been found to have a long – term impact on the social learning and psychological wellbeing of the students (Hutchins & Vaught, 1997). As a newly appointed pre – school teacher at an international school, I would be expecting a dynamic, diverse, multi – cultural classroom environment. The age gro up of the children in my class would be in the category of three to five year olds. Some of the children’s families would hail from white backgrounds while a majority would come from families that are of diverse origins such as Asians, Africans, Arabs, Native Americans, etc. Some may be well versed with the American way of life, language of English as well as the customs. Cultural attributes may vary between individualist and collectivist tendencies. Communication is believed to be dependent on two factors: ‘the speaker’ (usually the teacher) and ‘an active addressee’ (the pupil), both of whom need to actively participate and differentiate as per the social and cultural environment (Poimenidou and Christidou, 2010). Culture is believed to influence participation, acquisition, transmission and invention. However, the children and their families who hail from diverse backgrounds may not be very conversant in English, may be of a different cultural mind set and may require time and assistance in adapting to the new environment. The one ‘diverse background’ that I would like to focus on is the ‘Asian community’. The Asian community has always intrigued me due to its tremendous sub classification and branches within itself. The most amazing fact is that, within the Asian community, cultures are so varied and different from each other. ‘Asians’ include people from China, India, Pakistan, Japan, South Korea, Hong Kong and Singapore (to name a few). Chinese, Koreans and Japanese individuals characteristically possess physical characteristics such as distinctly slanted eyes and a rather small build. In general, Indians, Pakistanis and those from Singapore and Malaysia have a darker skin tone than their Chinese or Japanese counterparts. Historically, India and Pakistan were under the British rule until the year of independence and partition respectively.   China  is one of the world's oldest  c ivilizations, ruled by various dynasties at different time periods, culminating in the Chinese Civil War and proclamation of the People’s Republic of China. Japan evolved from the Meiji period and was occupied by the United States up to the year 1952, following which it attained significant economic growth. Singapore was conquered by the Japanese during the World War II; however, followed by British rule and was finally declared an independent republic in the year 1965. Traditionally, these communities were rather conservative in their approach and hierarchical in structure, wherein males and senior individuals

Book report for Native American Religious Traditions by Suzanne J Essay

Book report for Native American Religious Traditions by Suzanne J. Crawford - Essay Example Due to their tradition, oral tradition is a way of passing down history, laws, and religion. For an example, the Lakota people tell Ehanni stories to explain creation, or how everything and the world was created. Ohunkakan stories give guidelines on good behavior. Ehanni Wicowoyake relates the stories of Lakota history. In Native American Religious Traditions, Crawford explains how the three tribes focused on for this book use oral tradition uniquely. An example would England and Russia both have literary history, but they way it is written or presented is different. Like with the oral tradition, the Lakota, Dine, and Coast Salish have diverse ceremonial practices. The Lakota has one of the most recognized ceremonial practices of the Sun Dance. The Sun Dance has been portrayed in different movies inaccurately as a ceremony an adolescent man is forced to dance around a pole with needles embedded in his body hooked by string to the pole. Crawford explains the Sun Dance better. The needles are actually bones, the strings are leather thongs, and the pole a tree that never touches the ground specially prepared for the event. After the pole is erected dancing begins at sunrise with the dancers looking at the sun. Anyone can dance with short breaks, but no food or water. This lasts four days. The self-sacrificers prepared during this time. Then male volunteers who wanted something like a cure for a sick relative, tribal purification, and so forth would be pierced in both sides by buffalo bones tied to leather straps. The goal is to get the bone from yo ur body by dancing around the pole. It is a purification ceremony. This and other ceremonies are explained in Crawford’s book. Finally, Crawford looks honestly at a shameful part of American history; the colonization of the Native Americans. All Native Americans encountering European settlers faced the civilization process of Christianity. The Europeans felt

Picasso and the Camera Exhibition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Picasso and the Camera Exhibition - Essay Example The essay "Picasso and the Camera Exhibition" explores the exhibition called "Picasso and the Camera". Gagosian gallery provides a one of a kind experience. Art can be expressed in many forms including paints and sculptures. The uniqueness of Picasso in utilizing the camera to express art in completely new dimensions has made his collection one of a kind at the Gagosian collection. The message and inspirations remain the same but the nature of execution remains unique. The collections will be the center of discussion through the paper and focus will be on how it transformed the manner in which individuals interpret art. The collection provides an aspect of cultural coexistence. The exhibition accounts various aspects of culture both locally and internationally. The aim of the exhibition was to provide a picture of the earth from various angles. Culture is an essential component in art and various forms of entertainment. When one focused on the ‘Picasso and the Camera’ ex hibition the unique aspect is that the photographer focused more on the cultures that are perceived new to his immediate surroundings. Promotion of cultures is what art is all about, nature shapes individuals but culture absorbs and nurture people to attain certain goals and societal expectations. ‘Picasso and the Camera’ exhibition is an example of what culture may provide. The artwork has provided room for many individual from different parts of the world to assemble and share the multicultural exhibitions experience.

Kingfisher Beer Company Case Analysis Essay Example for Free

Kingfisher Beer Company Case Analysis Essay Kingfisher Beer Company (KBC) has enjoyed being in top position in premium beer segment for the past fifty years and is now facing a potentially identity–changing challenge: the traditional premium beer market has been declining due to changes in consumer preferences at a compound annual rate of 4% and KBC for the first time is experiencing a decline in revenue, whilst a change in leadership infuses new energy to bring a change in their product line. Jake Hope, son of the retired president and owner of KBC faces the challenge of whether to introduce a ‘light’ beer in a growing beer segment, as maintaining status-quo would no more be an option to sustain their existing position in marketplace in the next few years (see Exhibit 2). I recommend that Jake would go for the light beer product venture. The recommendation is based on a complex assessment of the company’s financial viability and of more qualitative reflections. Even if for the year 2007 (the case is restrictive for only a 2-year horizon quantitative analysis) projected Operating Margin does not reach levels KBC had enjoyed in prior years, it is positive and growing substantially. Growth from $599,734 to $2,205,235 ($1,605,601 in absolute growth) from 2006 to 2007 with introduction of Light Beer versus of decline from $4,015,024 to $3,414,586 ($600,438 in absolute decline). If KBC will manage to reduce its lost sales of famous Lager (due to market conditions in the premium beer market) from 20% to slightly lower levels then the company could break-even in 2 years (Exhibit 1). From the case’s limited data it is still certain that introducing Light Beer and managing relatively moderate levels of cannibalization (20% or below – Exhibit 3) of the Lager sales opens opportunities to increase the firm’s financials. Moreover, it is essential to capitalize on growing light beer market (4% annually) which also will help fuel possible future expansion or to retain sustainability. According to market research, targeted segment where light beer drinking segment holds â€Å"anti-big-business† values, is already aware of the KBC brand so the firm can leverage on being independent family owned small regional company. In addition, the introduction of a new product will eliminate the risk of being on a single product brand and reduce risk of being in an unfavorable position with regards to distributors who favor more product offerings. On the other hand the introduction of the light beer will affect the brand image, alienate core customers, and squeeze margins. In addition, it is most likely the Company will not be able to sustain advertising and distribution cost against bigger competitors (high entry barrier, competitors strong presence in light beer market). This will lead also to additional unwanted cannibalization of Lager sales and more uneven relationships with distributors and retailers. My recommendation rests on several assumptions (exhibit). The key assumption is that the KBC will attain the 0. 25 market share to break even in 2007. Another assumption is that the light beer market will sustain its growth and consumer preferences will hold in the nearest future.

Michael Polanyi and Lucian Blaga as Philosophers of Knowledge :: Philosophy Philosophical Essays

Michael Polanyi and Lucian Blaga as Philosophers of Knowledge ABSTRACT: Polanyi and Blaga are two centennial philosophers who could be compared. They both are philosophers who have abandoned the attempt to analyze science as the form of culture capable of complete objectivity and the language solely in terms of its referential force, to make representational knowledge impersonal and to split fact from value. 1. Polanyi's epistemology Polanyi and Blaga are two centennial philosophers who could be put into comparison. Both are philosophers who have abandoned the attempt to analyze science as the form of culture capable of complete objectivity, to analyze language solely in terms of its referential force, and to make representational knowledge impersonal and to split fact from value. Michael Polanyi affirms the irreducible involvement of personal commitment in the perception and understanding of transpersonal reality. He is against the representational expressivist theory of language. According to his theory all assertion of fact expresses beliefs, and are essentially accompanied by feelings of satisfaction or of desire. The act of knowing includes an appraisal, a personal coefficient that shapes all factual knowledge. Polanyi emphasizes the role of the activity of the knower in the formation of knowledge and also is aware of their variability while insisting that we aim at truth 'with universal intent' 'although we can never quite get there'. His book Personal Knowledge should help to restore science to its rightful place in an integrated culture as part of the whole person's continuing endeavor to make sense of the totality of his experience. 'True' means something different in different societies. The critical period of Western philosophy, opened by Descartes and brought to its coming to an end, and the post-critical era is emerging. Michael Polanyi, it appears to me, is the most important philosophical figure opening up this new direction and delineating its basic elements. Regarding the critical pretensions to have found a way, either through philosophical rationality or by means of scientific method, to a universal perspective, Polanyi points out that thinkers of the critical period have pursued 'a mistaken ideal of objectivity'. Thus, when we claim greater objectivity for Copernican theory, we do imply that its excellence is, not a matter of personal taste on our part, but an inherent quality deserving universal acceptance by rational creatures. We abandon the cruder anthropocentrism of our senses, but only favor of a more ambitious anthropocentrism of our reason (PK p. Michael Polanyi and Lucian Blaga as Philosophers of Knowledge :: Philosophy Philosophical Essays Michael Polanyi and Lucian Blaga as Philosophers of Knowledge ABSTRACT: Polanyi and Blaga are two centennial philosophers who could be compared. They both are philosophers who have abandoned the attempt to analyze science as the form of culture capable of complete objectivity and the language solely in terms of its referential force, to make representational knowledge impersonal and to split fact from value. 1. Polanyi's epistemology Polanyi and Blaga are two centennial philosophers who could be put into comparison. Both are philosophers who have abandoned the attempt to analyze science as the form of culture capable of complete objectivity, to analyze language solely in terms of its referential force, and to make representational knowledge impersonal and to split fact from value. Michael Polanyi affirms the irreducible involvement of personal commitment in the perception and understanding of transpersonal reality. He is against the representational expressivist theory of language. According to his theory all assertion of fact expresses beliefs, and are essentially accompanied by feelings of satisfaction or of desire. The act of knowing includes an appraisal, a personal coefficient that shapes all factual knowledge. Polanyi emphasizes the role of the activity of the knower in the formation of knowledge and also is aware of their variability while insisting that we aim at truth 'with universal intent' 'although we can never quite get there'. His book Personal Knowledge should help to restore science to its rightful place in an integrated culture as part of the whole person's continuing endeavor to make sense of the totality of his experience. 'True' means something different in different societies. The critical period of Western philosophy, opened by Descartes and brought to its coming to an end, and the post-critical era is emerging. Michael Polanyi, it appears to me, is the most important philosophical figure opening up this new direction and delineating its basic elements. Regarding the critical pretensions to have found a way, either through philosophical rationality or by means of scientific method, to a universal perspective, Polanyi points out that thinkers of the critical period have pursued 'a mistaken ideal of objectivity'. Thus, when we claim greater objectivity for Copernican theory, we do imply that its excellence is, not a matter of personal taste on our part, but an inherent quality deserving universal acceptance by rational creatures. We abandon the cruder anthropocentrism of our senses, but only favor of a more ambitious anthropocentrism of our reason (PK p.

Electoral Gender-Based Quotas Essay -- Political Science

Hillary Rodham Clinton once said, â€Å"There cannot be true democracy unless women's voices are heard.† In 2006, when Nancy Pelosi became the nation’s first female Speaker of the House, one woman’s voice rang out clear. With this improvement, democracy grew to its truest level ever in terms of women’s equality. Regretfully, female candidates had never been so lucky in the past. There was a time when female candidates were highly underestimated; Men always had higher chance of being selected to any electoral office than any female had, even though they both might have been well qualified for that post. Never in the history of America, males politicians had wanted to recognize those women’ potential and true values; thus, sick and tired of always being misjudged, remarkable females had manifested their desire for equal representation, equal citizenship and equal rights by persistently debating and pleading. Opportunely for them, by the end of 1967 so ciety finally decided to acknowledge the females’ rights; accordingly, several countries decided to establish the gender - based quotas through the affirmative action in order to benefit them. Nowadays, the affirmative action is a growing argument in our society. Some can define it as a quota-based system in which people from different minority groups struggle for their equality and inclusiveness, while others might see it as an unfair way to benefit unqualified groups. But, what is it exactly? The affirmative action mostly refers to rules designed to provide groups that have suffered from discrimination on the ground of race, ethnic and gender in the past, greater opportunities with the principal aim of giving them preferential treatments. Unquestionably, it has aroused jealousy and tons... ... gain something from it. Males’ politicians gain a feminine support, females get to show their skills to the world while us citizens, get to live in a better world in which the government is really looking forward to provide us a superior quality of life. As Suzan Anthony famously said, â€Å"It was we, the people; not we, the white male citizens; nor yet we, the male citizens; but we, the whole people, who formed the Union; Men, their rights and nothing more; women, their rights and nothing less†. Works Cited †¢ http://www.quotegarden.com/feminism.html †¢ http://www.quotaproject.org/aboutQuotas.cfm †¢ www.wikipedia.org †¢ "Women Represent Only 19 per Cent of Membership in Parliament Worldwide – Speaker." Vibe Ghana. 29 Nov. 2011. Web. 29 Nov. 2011. .

Nutrition in Fitness and Sport

Final Case Study: A Teenage Female Champion Grace MacMillan Nutrition for Fitness and Sport Introduction Ice hockey is characterized by high intensity intermittent skating, rapid changes in velocity, lengthy duration and frequent body contact (1). The typical player performs for 15 to 20 minutes of a 60 minute game (1). Each shift lasts from 30 to 90 seconds with 4 to 4 minutes of recovery between shifts.The intensity of a particular shift is determined be the duration and the extent of the contribution from aerobic to anaerobic energy systems by the player (1). In order to accommodate the body for these high intensity bursts and length of activity the player must develop muscle strength, power and anaerobic endurance in addition to a good aerobic system (1). Hockey players tend to have a mesomorphic structure and are relatively lean to positively influence their skating performance (1). For my nutrition analysis I chose an adolescent female hockey player.As far as teenage athletes g o, AC has already more than filled her resume with an abundance of accomplishments including a gold medal from the 2012 IIHF World Women’s U18 Championship, the 2011 Tier 1 Under 19 U. S. National Championship, the 2010 Under 16 U. S. National Championship and the 2009 Atlantic Challenge Cup in addition to representing Team Nova Scotia at the 2011 Canada Winter Games. As a student at the private hockey prep school of Sattuck-St. Mary’s in Faribauly, Minnesota she is limited to a very specific selection of food on campus as she is a boarding student there.Female athletes are faced daily with the challenge of meeting the nutrient requirements for growth and development in addition to sport performance (2). Due to the wide range of physiological demands a large proportion of female athletes regularly do not meet DRI’s for a number of macro and micronutrients some of which include vitamin D, folate, vitamin E and calcium (2). The current research illustrates the cha llenges that female athletes may face, otherwise known as the â€Å"female athlete triad† which include disordered eating, amenorrhea and osteoporosis (3).Furthermore, female teenage athletes have found to have relatively low energy intake and inadequate intakes of certain nutrients which are observed to improve seasonally in correspondence to their in-season and off-season, respectively (4). Assessment Part A: Objective Data AC is a 17 year old female who is currently 68. 95kg at 1. 73m tall and has reported to have a 21% body fat composition, which equates to a normal BMI of 23. AC communicated the desire to cut weight to 65. 7kg, which equates to a normal BMI of 22 by August 1st 2012 in preparation for her next achievement of playing for Team Canada in the Olympics. In the patient’s case it would be more appropriate to use the body fat percentage to measure weight loss because the losses will be in body fat not lean body mass (5). Fortunately in preparation of this event, AC is required to fill out a daily reflection including food log, physical activity as defined by strength training, cardio and core exercise and personal reflection.Thus, from the data given to me I have chosen to pick 3 weekdays and 3 weekend days to analyze. In summary, in-season she participates twice weekly with a strength training workout for approximately one hour and ice skating (practice) every day for approximately 1 hour and 15 minutes. As part of school extra circular activities she incorporates basketball 3 times weekly for 45 minutes in addition to games once to twice weekly. During the off-season she strives to maintain 4 days per week of strength training exercise, in addition to skating twice a week and running for approximately an hour each day.The raw data can be viewed in appendix A. Part B: Analysis of the Data The analysis of AC’s daily reflection reveals that as most female athletes she does not meet the required amount of energy for her physical activity level and body structure, but due to her current goal of losing weight, restricting calories while maintaining the recommended amount of servings as per the Canada’s Food Guide does not put her at risk for any of the symptoms of the female triad.AC’s diet analysis reveals that although she is meeting her calcium requirement, other nutrients of concern as revealed by the literature review such as vitamin D, E and folate are not being met. AC is currently taking a multivitamin but was unable to describe in any detail in the interview type or contents (as her mother sends them too her from home) but the vitamin most likely supplies micronutrient needs. Furthermore, in most cases AC is effective with meal timing, especially when you look at her inclusion of mid-morning snacks most days, which tend to be the days where a morning practice or working out is has occured.In regards to AC’s recommended food guide servings, as analyzed in appendix B, she meets he r dairy servings all of the time, meat and alternative servings most of the time but only meets her fruit and vegetable and grain servings half some of the time. This further eliminates the risk of osteoporosis and protein losses, thus, analysis should focus on grain servings to promote increased carbohydrate consumption and reaching daily servings of fruits and vegetables.If we calculate AC’s carbohydrate (CHO) requirement as a recommendation based on body weight (per kg) and expressed as total grams per day considering her sport as intermittent high intensity she requires approximately 400g – 680g CHO/day. This amount can easily be adjusted daily in correspondence to the amount of exercise and energy level to accommodate weight loss. The average CHO intake was 246. 67g per day which equates to approximately 1000 Kcal per day but only nearly half of the recommended CHO consumption.As the role of protein is to build and repair tissue, consuming the recommended serving amounts is extremely important to protect herself against the risk of protein losses. If we calculate AC`s protein (PRO) requirement as a recommendation based on body weight (per kg) and expressed as total grams per day considering her sport as intermittent high intensity she requires approximately 89g – 103g PRO/day. To protect against protein losses and maintain existing muscle, timing of consumption becomes extremely important.After exercise protein sources should be consumed immediately after (stage 1) and within 2 hours after (stage 2) but should not exceed more than 1. 6g/kg per day (5). The average PRO intake was 104g per day which equates to approximately 417. 33 Kcal per day and exceeds her recommended protein intake slightly. As some dietary fat is essential to cell development and synthesis, and the recommended amounts range from 20-35% of the dietary energy intake are required.In comparison to her recommended range of fat intake as described by EatTracker, AC is n ot usually achieving her recommended amount of fat as her average fat intake was 42g per day which equates to approximately 378 Kcal, which is just less than 12% daily intake from fat. Lastly, fluids impact the regulation of body temperature, hydration and remove metabolic excretions which all improve athletic performance. Sweat rates and hydration level are affected by the duration, environmental temperature and intensity of the exercise the participant is engaged in, ergo, water needs are fairly diverse.As a regular participant in vigorous and enduring exercise AC’s fluid recommendations would be fairly high. AC reported to consume at least one cup of water usually at every meal and drinks as much as 2L over the duration of any length of exercise. Nutrition Plan and Recommendations In regards to the literature review of typical female athlete concerns, AC is an ideal patient considering she does not show any symptoms of the female athlete triad and although weight loss is d esired, she has determined an appropriate weight loss and time frame to achieve her goal by maintaining food guide recommendations while reducing energy intake.AC has described an appropriate goal of losing 3. 18kg over 8 months (as the goal was acknowledged in January) to increase athletic performance and maintain good health by reducing body fat. To improve weight loss results AC should consume a number of small frequent meals that have a high proportion of CHO to maintain blood glucose levels and moderate protein levels to ensure adequate replacement of lean protein tissue (5). Although AC is typically meeting her Food Guide recommendations, she needs to ensure adequate energy intake of approximately 2700 Kcal/day and devise energy into 5-6 small meals every day.Some days she is just barely consuming 1200 Kcal which is not enough energy to keep her body strong and maintain muscle tissue when considering the amount of physical demand on the body from the substantial amount of exer cise. An energy reduction of 500 Kcal (2700kcal/day from 3200kcal/day) is appropriate to reduce weight by approximately 0. 45kg (1lb) per week, reducing weight by approximately 3. 6kg over 8 weeks. This gives the participant approximately 24 weeks to maintain and stabilize weight loss.As AC’s physical activity participation is generally stable it is more appropriate to request stable and reduced energy intakes versus increasing physical activity duration (5). Further recommendations for AC would be to monitor weight changes during exercise to ensure adequate hydration status. Before exercise, increase fluid intake and reduce fat and fiber intake to facilitate gastric emptying and minimize GI upsets (5). During and after exercise consume fluids to replace sweat losses and maintain hydration status, which may include incorporating a sport drink to replenish water, carbohydrate and electrolyte levels.To increase consumption, ensure fluids are chilled to approximately 10 degrees Celsius (5). Advise that most liquids including milk, water, soup, 100% percent juices and sports drinks all contribute to fluid intake recommendation. * I would advise AC to increase carbohydrate and fat intake by adding a carbohydrate rich snack in the afternoon each day and increase fat of dairy products. A recommended meal plan using the ‘Beyond the Basics’ guidelines can be viewed in appendix G taking into consideration AC’s limited food choices, EER, carbohydrate, protein and fat recommendations. Appendix A: AC’s Daily ReflectionsAppendix B: Nutritional Analysis via eaTracker (Dietitians of Canada) January 7 2012 Food Group Analysis Nutrient Analysis January 10 2012 Food Group Analysis Nutrient Analysis January 16 2012 Food Group Analysis Nutrition Analysis January 21 2012 Food Group Analysis Nutrient Analysis January 23 2012 Food Group Analysis Nutrient Analysis January 30 2012 Food Group Analysis Nutrient Analysis Appendix C: Overview of Vitamin In take Analysis via eaTracker (Dietitians of Canada) Appendix D: Estimate Energy Requirements Calculation Female (age 9-18) = 135. 3 – 30. 8 x Age + [PA x (10. 0 x Wt. + 934 x Ht. )] + 25 = 135. 3 – 30. x Age + [1. 56 (10. 0 x 68. 95kg + 934 x 1. 73m)] + 25 = 3233 kcal/day ? 3200 kcal/day Appendix E: Carbohydrate Requirements As a percent of 3200 Kcal and expressed as total grams per day = 55 – 60% x 3200Kcal = 1760 – 1920Kcal / day = 1760 – 1920 Kcal / 4 Kcal/g ? 440 – 480 g CHO/day As a recommendation based on body weight (per kg) and expressed as total grams per day considering her sport as intermittent high intensity = 6 – 10g/kg x 68. 95kg = 413. 7g – 689. 5g CHO/day ? 400g – 680g CHO/day Appendix F: Protein Requirements As a recommendation based on body weight (per kg) and expressed as total grams per day = 1. 3g/kg – 1. g/kg x 68. 95kg = 89. 64g – 103. 43g PRO/day ? 89g – 103g PRO/day Appendix G : Meal Plan Breakfast 1 cup 100% fruit juice, 1 large banana, 1 slice French toast, 2 tbsp maple syrup, 1 cup yogurt Morning Snack 1 Instant Oatmeal pouch, 2 tbsp peanut butter, 1 med. apple Lunch 1 cups 2% milk, 1 cup pasta, ? cup ground beef, ? cup tomato sauce, 1 cup strawberries Afternoon Snack 12 crackers, 1 medium orange Supper 1 cup 2% milk, 1 cup rice, 1 chicken breast, ? cup carrots, ? cup kernel corn Evening snack 24 tortilla chips, ? cup salsa Appendix H: Meal Plan Analysis via eaTracker (Dietitians of Canada) Food Group Analysis of Meal Plan:Nutrient Analysis References 1. Montgomery DL. Physiology of Ice Hockey. Sports Med. 1988;5(2):99-126. 2. Gibson JC, Stuard-Hill L, Martin S and Gaul C. Nutritional status of junior elite Canadian female soccer athletes. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2011;21(6):507-14. 3. Gabel K. Special nutritional concerns for the female athlete. ACSM. 2006;5(4):187-191. 4. Ziegler P et al. Nutritional status of teenage female competitive figure s katers. J Amer Diet Assoc. 2002;102(3):374-379. 5. Williams MH. Nutrition for Health, Fitness and Sport. 9th Ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc; 2010. 6. Dufour, A. Introduction to Protein Powerpoint.Bedford, MSVU; 2012. 7. Dufour, A. Practical Applications of Protein (PRO) Powerpoint. Bedford, MSVU; 2012. 8. Convertino, V. A, Armstrong L. E. , Coyle, W. F. , et al. (1996). American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand: Exercise and Fluid Replacement. American College of Sports Medicine, 517-521. 9. Dufour, A. Energy Metabolism and Carbohydrates Powerpoint. Bedford, MSVU; 2011. 10. Dieticians of Canada. EatTracker. Dieticians of Canada; 2012. 11. Canadian Diabetes Association. Beyond the Basics: Meal Planning for Healthy Eating, Diabetes Prevention and Management, Version 2. Toronto: Canadian Diabetes Association; 2005.